Federal Security Service (FSB)
Headquarters Overview
The Federal Security Service (FSB) maintains its central headquarters at Lubyanka Square in Moscow. This facility serves as the primary command and control center for the organization, housing the office of the current commander, Army General Alexander Bortnikov. The Lubyanka complex is a fortified structure with extensive security measures, including advanced surveillance systems, restricted access zones, and subterranean facilities. The headquarters is integral to the coordination of national security operations, counterintelligence, and internal communications.
Special Communications Unit (Military Unit 66523)
Military Unit 66523, identified as the FSB Special Communications Unit, is responsible for secure and encrypted communications across the agency's operations. This unit manages the deployment and maintenance of classified communication networks, including both terrestrial and satellite links. Its personnel are trained in cryptography, electronic countermeasures, and the operation of secure communication devices, ensuring the integrity and confidentiality of FSB transmissions.
Special Purpose Center (Military Unit 35690)
Military Unit 35690, known as the FSB Special Purpose Center, functions as the primary base for elite tactical and counterterrorism units. This center oversees the training, equipping, and deployment of special operations teams, including the well-known Alpha and Vympel groups. The facility is equipped with advanced training grounds, simulation environments, and armories containing specialized weaponry and equipment for high-risk operations.
Training Center for Special Department of the FSB No. 100 of the EMERCOM
The Training Center for Special Department No. 100, affiliated with the Ministry of Emergency Situations (EMERCOM), is located in Moscow on the site of a former laboratory for metro measurements and tests. This facility is reputed to be connected to the clandestine 'Metro-2' (D-6) underground railway system, which allegedly links key government and military sites. The center is strategically positioned near the Ochakovka river collectors and was officially excluded from the Troparevsky Landscape Reserve by a 2008 Moscow government decree. The site is used for specialized training in subterranean operations and emergency response.
Government Communications Unit (Military Unit 48852)
Military Unit 48852, designated as the FSB Government Communications Unit, is tasked with providing secure communication channels for senior government officials and critical state infrastructure. The unit operates a network of secure facilities and relay stations, ensuring uninterrupted and protected information flow during both peacetime and crisis situations. Its responsibilities include the management of encrypted telephony, data links, and emergency broadcast systems.
Operational Information and International Relations Service (Military Unit 26047)
Military Unit 26047 encompasses the FSB's Operational Information and International Relations Service. The unit is structured into several departments: Operational Information, Information-Analytical, Open Information, International Cooperation, and an Operational Information Group. The service is responsible for intelligence collection, analysis, and international liaison activities. It is led by senior officials, including Georgy Grishaev (Operational Information), Yuri Aleshin (Information-Analytical), and Lieutenant General Alexey Kuzyura (International Cooperation). The unit plays a pivotal role in synthesizing intelligence for strategic decision-making and maintaining foreign intelligence partnerships.
FSB Unit 92931 (Military Unit 92931)
Military Unit 92931, referenced as FSB Unit 92931, is a specialized operational entity within the FSB structure. While specific details regarding its mandate are limited, units with similar designations typically engage in technical support, surveillance, or electronic intelligence (ELINT) activities. The unit is presumed to operate advanced monitoring equipment and may be involved in signals intelligence (SIGINT) or counter-surveillance operations.
FSB Unit 1020 (Military Unit 1020)
Military Unit 1020 is believed to be involved in direction finding and electronic intelligence operations. Its primary function likely includes the interception and geolocation of radio transmissions, supporting counterintelligence and internal security missions. The unit is equipped with specialized vehicles and fixed installations for radio frequency monitoring, contributing to the FSB's broader electronic warfare and intelligence capabilities.
Underground Infrastructure and Special Facilities
Several FSB-associated sites in Moscow are linked to extensive underground infrastructure, notably the rumored 'Metro-2' (D-6) system. These subterranean networks are believed to connect strategic government and military locations, providing secure transit and emergency evacuation routes. The Training Center for Special Department No. 100 and related facilities utilize these tunnels for specialized training and operational readiness. The existence and full extent of these underground systems remain classified, but open-source reports and urban exploration activities suggest a complex network supporting Moscow's security architecture.