Air Bases
Location Analysis
The Russian air bases under review are strategically distributed across the western and central regions of the Russian Federation. AB Ramenskoye/Zhukovsky is situated southeast of Moscow, serving as a prominent aviation hub. AB Sormovo is located in Nizhny Novgorod, a major industrial city east of Moscow, while AB Staraya Russa is positioned in the Novgorod Oblast, northwest of Moscow. The geographical placement of these bases supports both defensive and research-oriented operations, enabling rapid deployment and integration with Russia’s broader aerospace infrastructure.
Infrastructure Capabilities
AB Ramenskoye/Zhukovsky features extensive runways capable of accommodating large military and experimental aircraft. The base hosts advanced hangar facilities and testing grounds, supporting both operational and research activities. AB Sormovo is integrated with the Nizhny Novgorod Sokol Aviation Plant, which includes assembly lines, testing facilities, and secure storage for aircraft components. AB Staraya Russa is equipped with specialized maintenance hangars and logistical support for large transport and airborne early warning aircraft, ensuring sustained operational readiness.
Operational Functions
AB Ramenskoye/Zhukovsky serves as a dual-use facility, supporting both military and civilian aviation activities. It is the primary venue for the International Aviation and Space Show (MAKS), which showcases Russian aerospace technology and fosters international cooperation. The Gromov Flight Research Institute, co-located at this base, conducts advanced flight testing and research for new aircraft designs and avionics systems. AB Sormovo is primarily focused on the production and initial testing of combat aircraft, including the MiG-31E interceptor, MiG-29UB fighter-trainer, and Yak-130 combat trainer. AB Staraya Russa specializes in the maintenance and overhaul of large aircraft, particularly the Beriev A-50 airborne early warning platform and the Ilyushin Il-76 transport aircraft.
Industrial and Research Integration
The proximity of AB Sormovo to the Nizhny Novgorod Sokol Aviation Plant enables seamless integration between aircraft manufacturing and operational deployment. The plant is a key facility for the production of advanced Russian military aircraft, with capabilities for assembly, systems integration, and flight testing. At AB Ramenskoye/Zhukovsky, the presence of the Gromov Flight Research Institute facilitates collaboration between research, development, and operational units, accelerating the introduction of new technologies into service.
Strategic Significance
These air bases collectively enhance Russia’s ability to project air power, maintain technological superiority, and sustain high operational tempo. AB Ramenskoye/Zhukovsky’s role in hosting international exhibitions and research activities positions it as a center for aerospace innovation and diplomacy. AB Sormovo’s manufacturing output directly supports the modernization of the Russian Air Force, while AB Staraya Russa’s maintenance capabilities ensure the longevity and reliability of critical airborne assets. The combined functions of these sites contribute significantly to the resilience and effectiveness of Russia’s military aviation infrastructure.